Aim: IAS convened the 5th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention (IAS 2009) in Cape Town, South Africa in July 2009. It focused primarily on HIV basic, clinical interventions and biomedical prevention science. The key themes across these tracks were - Improved understanding of latent viral reservoirs, HAART as prevention, when to start and how to monitor treatment, and future directions in vaccine/microbicide research. This year a new track on operations research was introduced to underscore the importance of quickly translating new scientific discoveries into practical interventions. IAS 2009 also aimed to provide learning on strengthening overall health systems in resource-limited settings, and to understand the benefits generated for global public health by the scale up of HIV programmes around the world.
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